Pratiques alimentaires des mères et malnutrition infantile dans le district de santé de Pitoa : Etude cas-témoin

Thèse présentée et soutenue publiquement en vue de l’obtention du diplôme de Master Professionnel en Epidémiologie et Santé Publique au Département des Sciences Biomédicales, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dschang

Année académique 2015-2016

Etudiant : Benjamin Azike Chukuwchindun 3

Directeur : Dr ATEUDJIEU Jérôme, MD, MPH, Ph.D ¹²³

jateudj@yahoo.fr ; j.ateudjieu@masante-cam.org

Abstract

Background: Malnutrition is a major public health thread in Africa and Cameroon as well. A study of mothers’ feeding practices and child malnutrition can contribute to identify and optimise interventions to control malnutrition.

Methods: This was an analytical case/control study with a simple random sampling.Data sources were a literature review to estimate the prevalence of referred malnutrition of children, a community detection of cases and controls. A total of 386 children were included in the study.

Results: The prevalence of referred infant malnutrition was 47.89% (95% CI [45.58, 50.2]). The most affected age group was children aged between 6 to 29 months. Inappropriate feeding practices significantly increased the risk of malnutrition in children with OR = 3.44 [2.05; 5.76] (P˂0.05). After adjustment by the confounding factors we obtained an adjusted OR = 3.19 [2.08; 6.35] (P = 0.0007). The most common inappropriate feeding practices were: food taboos, non-fortified porridge, early or late introduction of supplementary foods.

Conclusion: The prevalence of malnutrition remains very high in the health district of Pitoa. Poor feeding practices significantly increase the risk of malnutrition. Efficient interventions would include nutritional education and popularization of rich local foods.

Keywords : Malnutrition, food practices; Pitoa health district; children under five; Pitoa Health District.

Département des Sciences Biomédicales, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Dschang
Division de la Recherche Opérationnelle en Santé, Ministère de la Santé publique du Cameroun
A. SANTE (Meilleur Accès aux Soins de Santé)